Ginsenoside compound K inhibits angiogenesis via regulation of sphingosine kinase-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a metabolite of the protopanaxadiol-type saponins of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), has long been used to treat against the development of cancer, inflammation, allergies, and diabetes. This study examined the anti-angiogenic properties of CK against sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-induced cell migration via regulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Studies on S1P-induced cell migration, expression of SPHK1 and MMPs and analysis of sphingolipid metabolites by LC–MS/MS were examined after the treatment of CK (2.5, 5, 10 μg/mL) in HUVEC. S1P produced by SPHK1 is also 

 Ginsenosides [CK (98.4 %), Rg1 (98.7 %), Rh1 (98.3 %), Rb1 (99.1 %), Rd (98.7 %), Re (99.3 %),Rf (98.6 %), and F1 (99.3 %)] were purchased from Chengdu Biopurify Phytochemical Com- pany (Chengdu, China)